Degrees of Freedom - Organic Chemistry - Class XI - XII

The number of independent ways in which a molecule or an atom can exhibit motion is called degrees of freedom If a molecule contains N number of atoms. Position of each atom can be defined by three coordinates (x, y, z) ∴ 3N degrees of Freedom Total Degree of Freedom = Translational + Rotational + Vibrational 3N = DOF(Translational) + DOF(Rotational) + DOF(Vibrational) Translational Motion (3) Change in center of gravity of molecule. ∴ (3N - 3) = DOF(Rotational) + DOF(Vibrational) Rotational Motion (2) ∴ (3N - 5) = DOF(Vibrational) For diatomic molecules (HCl, CO, H2 etc) ➜ Linear Molecules \text{ Vibrational degree of freedom } = (3N-5) = (3 \times 2 -5) = (6-5) = 1 For polyatomic molecules (CO2) ➜ Linear Molecule \text{ Vibrational degree of freedom } = (3N-5) = (3 \times 3 -5) = (9-5) = 4 ∴ (3N - 6) = DOF(Vibrational) For polyatomic molecules (H2O) ➜ Non Linear Molecule H2O (N = 3) \text{ Vibrational degree of freedom } = (3N-6) = (3 \times 3 -6) = (9-6) = 3 For polyatomic molecules (CH3Cl) ➜ Non Linear Molecule CH3Cl (N = 5) \text{ Vibrational degree of freedom } = (3N-6) = (3 \times 5 -6) = (15-6) = 9 Other Subjects: Adult Education @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Adul... Analytical Chemistry @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Anal... Applied Physics @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Appl... Engineering Drawing @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Engi... English @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Engl... Environmental Studies @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Envi... General Medicine @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Gene... Mathematics @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Math... Organic Chemistry @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Orga... Physical Chemistry @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Phys... Patente B Italia @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Pate... Soft Skills @ http://www.edmerls.com/index.php/Soft...