03. Ecological Pyramids (4.7, 4.8 and 4.9)

4.7 understand the concepts of food chains, food webs, pyramids of number, pyramids of biomass and pyramids of energy transfer 4.8 understand the transfer of substances and energy along a food chain 4.9 understand why only about 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next PDF https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CsYo... Need a Biology Tutor: WhatsApp 061-418-2774 0:00 Introduction to Ecological Pyramids 0:13 Quantifying Food Chains 0:28 Pyramids of Numbers 0:38 Counting and Sampling Organisms 1:22 Ensuring a Fair Comparison 1:42 Why Numbers Decrease at Higher Trophic Levels 2:04 Inverted Pyramids of Numbers 2:48 Biomass and Energy Pyramids 3:05 Pyramids of Biomass 3:29 Why Dry Mass Is Measured 3:54 Inverted Pyramids of Biomass 4:23 Pyramids of Energy 5:18 Energy Loss as Heat 5:44 Practical and Ethical Considerations 6:33 The 10% Energy-Transfer Rule 7:07 Respiration and Heat Loss 8:09 Undigested Material and Energy Loss 8:55 Cellulose, Bones and Shells 9:26 Energy Loss Along a Food Chain 10:34 Summary of Energy Transfers 11:15 Energy Flows and Matter Cycles 12:00 Review Questions