fertilization

This lecture provides a clear and comprehensive overview of **fertilization**, the process by which the male and female gametes unite to form a new individual. The lecture covers the main stages of fertilization, including **sperm transport and capacitation, the acrosome reaction, penetration of the ovum, fusion of the sperm and oocyte membranes, prevention of polyspermy, and formation of the zygote**. It also explains the normal site and timing of fertilization and highlights the biological significance of this process. By the end of the lecture, students will be able to understand the sequence of events involved in fertilization and relate these steps to early embryonic development.