How India and Bangladesh Erased 162 Enclaves in One Night

India and Bangladesh once had 162 enclaves, pockets of one country inside the other, with about 50,000 people living in them. One of them was a 1.7-acre jute field: Indian land, inside Bangladeshi land, inside Indian land, inside Bangladesh. This video explains how the India–Bangladesh border got so tangled, what life inside the enclaves was like, and what happened on the night of July 31, 2015. Chapters 00:00 Intro 00:55 The Map 02:02 The Chess Game 03:12 Partition 04:05 Life Inside 05:13 Fixes That Failed 06:37 The One That Stayed 07:32 The Night 09:14 The Answer 10:02 Outro Notes on accuracy Enclave counts (162; 111 Indian and 51 Bangladeshi, about 17,000 and 7,000 acres) follow the Migration Policy Institute and the Observer Research Foundation. Other sources count differently; counter-enclave counts vary by source. The chess story is a popular legend; the documented origin is the 1711 and 1713 treaties between Cooch Behar and the Mughal Empire (Open Magazine, Big Think). Maps use OpenStreetMap boundary data as it stood on 1 June 2015 (ODbL) and Natural Earth. Diagrams are illustrations. The narration uses a synthetic voice cloned from the channel owner's own voice. Sources Wikipedia: India–Bangladesh enclaves; Dahala Khagrabari; Tin Bigha Corridor Migration Policy Institute: India and Bangladesh Swap Territory, Citizens in Landmark Enclave Exchange Observer Research Foundation: The 2015 India-Bangladesh land boundary agreement Al Jazeera, NTV, Business Standard on the exchange (2015) The Constitution (One Hundredth Amendment) Act, 2015 Credits Photos (Wikimedia Commons): Malcolm Manners (CC BY 2.0), OpenStreetMap, nittyG (CC BY-SA 4.0), Jeroen (CC BY-SA 3.0), Nahid Sultan (CC BY-SA 4.0), Rupeshsarkar (CC BY-SA 4.0), Abdullah AL Shohag (CC BY-SA 2.0), Amitabha Gupta (CC BY 4.0), Kingshuk Mondal (CC BY 4.0), Cyberpunk7282 (CC BY-SA 3.0), Sayedishtiakahmed (CC BY 4.0), Tosikul bd (CC BY-SA 4.0), Muhammad Umair Mirza (CC BY-SA 4.0), Billjones94 (CC0), Suniti Devi, Sydney Prior Hall, Chitarman II, Research Dept. F.O. 1948, Press Information Department, Photo Division Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (public domain). Video clips: Pixabay (Pixabay Content License). Map data: OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), Natural Earth. #borders #geography #maps