Allergic Rhinitis in Nepali | ENT Consultant | Dr. Sudeep Mishra | DIP Nepal

A video by: Dr. Bharat Kc Youtube link to my personal channel is given below:    / @bharatkhatri153   ENT Consultant: Dr. Sudeep Mishra Rhinitis, which occurs most commonly as allergic rhinitis, is an inflammation of the nasal membranes that is characterized by sneezing, nasal congestion, nasal itching, and rhinorrhea, in any combination. Although allergic rhinitis itself is not life-threatening (unless accompanied by severe asthma or anaphylaxis), morbidity from the condition can be significant. Signs and Symptoms History Signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis include the following: Sneezing Itching: Nose, eyes, ears, palate Rhinorrhea Postnasal drip Congestion Anosmia Headache Earache Tearing Red eyes Eye swelling Fatigue Drowsiness Malaise Complications of this allergic rhinitis include the following: Acute or chronic sinusitis Otitis media Sleep disturbance or apnea Dental problems (overbite): Caused by excessive breathing through the mouth Palatal abnormalities Eustachian tube dysfunction Physical examination Nasal features of allergic rhinitis can include the following: Nasal crease: A horizontal crease across the lower half of the bridge of the nose; caused by repeated upward rubbing of the tip of the nose by the palm of the hand Thin, watery nasal secretions Deviation or perforation of the nasal septum: May be associated with chronic rhinitis, although there can be other, unrelated causes Manifestations of allergic rhinitis affecting the ears, eyes, and oropharynx include the following: Ears: Retraction and abnormal flexibility of the tympanic membrane Eyes: Injection and swelling of the palpebral conjunctivae, with excess tear production; Dennie-Morgan lines (prominent creases below the inferior eyelid); and dark circles around the eyes (“allergic shiners”), which are related to vasodilation or nasal congestion Oropharynx: "Cobblestoning," that is, streaks of lymphoid tissue on the posterior pharynx; tonsillar hypertrophy; and malocclusion (overbite) and a high-arched palate Management The management of allergic rhinitis consists of the following 3 major treatment strategies: Environmental control measures and allergen avoidance: These include keeping exposure to allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and mold to a minimum Pharmacologic management: Patients are often successfully treated with oral antihistamines, decongestants, or both; regular use of an intranasal steroid spray may be more appropriate for patients with chronic symptoms Immunotherapy: This treatment may be considered more strongly with severe disease, poor response to other management options, and the presence of comorbid conditions or complications; immunotherapy is often combined with pharmacotherapy and environmental control @Doctor's Infinite Potential - Nepal | 2020