The Ladder of the Sciences in Pictures: All of Sullam al-ʿUlūm

The whole of Sullam al-ʿUlūm, "The Ladder of the Sciences", in one short video, told in pictures. Muḥibb Allāh al-Bihārī (d. 1119/1707) packed the entire craft of logic into this small book, and generations of madrasa students in the subcontinent have climbed it since. Here each idea is drawn rather than quoted: what knowing is, how words point, the five universals, definition as pearls on a string, the parts, quantity and strength of a statement, contradiction and conversion, the syllogism, induction and the famous crocodile, the five arts, and the six roots of certainty. The book is a ladder of six rungs: 1. Knowledge: picturing and judging, the obvious and the earned, why we need a rule 2. Words: how things point, sorting words, the Liar, the universal and the particular 3. Universals and definition: the five universals, the ladder of kinds, boundary and trace 4. Judgment: the three parts of a statement, quantity, "every" three ways, where the subject lives 5. Strength and turning: matter and mode, the modal statements, "if" and "either", contradiction, conversion 6. Argument: syllogism, induction and analogy, the four figures, the five arts, "why" and "that" proofs Chapters 0:00 A Ladder for the Mind 0:36 What Knowing Is 1:03 Picturing and Judging 1:38 Obvious and Earned 2:07 How Thinking Works 2:36 Why We Need a Rule 3:02 Four Mother Questions 3:29 How Things Point 3:58 Whole, Part, and Beyond 4:24 Sorting Words 4:55 True or False 5:26 One and Many 5:55 Four Relations 6:24 Five Universals 6:55 A Ladder of Kinds 7:22 Where Does "Man" Exist? 7:56 Boundary and Trace 8:26 Scattered Pearls 8:59 A White Wall 9:21 Three Parts and a Bridge 9:51 Walls Around Quantity 10:21 "Every", Three Ways 10:46 Where the Subject Lives 11:15 How Strongly? 11:41 From Necessary to Possible 12:14 If and Either 12:41 Exact Opposites 13:09 Turning a Statement Around 13:37 Down, Up, and Across 14:05 The Syllogism 14:35 Rules of the Game 15:02 The Crocodile 15:29 Five Arts 16:01 Six Roots of Certainty 16:37 "Why" and "That" 17:09 The Whole Ladder