Why Indonesia's Fires Choke Singapore and Malaysia
Dominomics
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Why Indonesia's Fires Choke Singapore and Malaysia
20 599 просмотров · 9 дн. назад
Dominomics
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20 599 просмотров · 9 дн. назад
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On October 18, the air in western Singapore hit 230 on the official pollution index, "very unhealthy". Malaysia had already sent an estimated two million students home, and one airline had cancelled its Kuala Lumpur–Singapore flights for a week because of the smoke. In one week, NASA's fire-tracking system recorded more than 48,000 fire detections in Indonesia.
We follow the chain reaction link by link: a near-record El Niño and drained peat swamps (the fuel) → fire as the cheapest way to clear land for palm oil and pulpwood (the match) → smoke across borders to Singapore and Malaysia (the smoke) → the health, economic and climate costs, and why the people who light the fires don't pay them (the bill) → palm oil prices, your shopping basket and your lungs (you). Plus why laws haven't stopped it, what 1997, 2013, 2015 and 2019 teach us, why the chain might break, and three dominoes to watch.
⏱️ Chapters
0:00 The chain reaction
1:14 Domino 1 — The fuel
2:33 Domino 2 — The match
3:42 Domino 3 — The smoke
4:53 Domino 4 — The bill
6:39 Domino 5 — You
8:00 Why it keeps happening
9:03 We've seen this before
10:06 Why the chain might break — and what to watch
11:15 The whole chain
📊 Sources
National Environment Agency Singapore (hourly PSI, haze updates) · Ministry of Health Singapore · ASEAN Specialised Meteorological Centre · NOAA Climate Prediction Center · Australian Bureau of Meteorology · BMKG · NASA FIRMS and NASA Worldview/GIBS · Copernicus CAMS · GFED · World Bank, "The Cost of Fire" (2016) · USDA FAS (Oct 2026) · World Bank commodity prices · MPOB · Bursa Malaysia (via Bernama) · GAPKI · Singapore Statutes Online (Transboundary Haze Pollution Act 2014) · ASEAN Secretariat · peer-reviewed studies (Kiely et al. 2019, 2020, 2021; Koplitz et al. 2016; Crippa et al. 2016; Tan-Soo & Pattanayak 2019; Meijaard et al. 2025; Warren et al. 2017; Field et al. 2016) · CIFOR · WRI · Greenpeace SEA · Eco-Business · Reuters · AFP · Al Jazeera · The Straits Times · The Star · Bernama · Jakarta Post · Mothership · Full fact-check log available on request.
📷 Credits
Satellite: contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026, processed by Dominomics · Satellite images: NASA Worldview / GIBS, VIIRS NOAA-20 corrected reflectance true colour (Oct 14, 2025 and Oct 14, 2026) · Fire detections: NASA FIRMS, VIIRS S-NPP 375 m near-real-time active fires (Oct 11–17, 2026), nominal and high confidence · Satellite images: NASA Worldview / GIBS, MODIS Terra and Aqua true colour (Sep 24, 2015) and VIIRS S-NPP (Sep 17, 2019) · Sea-surface temperature anomaly: NASA JPL GHRSST MUR L4 via NASA Worldview/GIBS (Oct 13, 2026), re-coloured by Dominomics · Oil palm harvest and peat fire footage: Voice of America, "Indonesia Prepares for Another Dangerous Fire Season" (David Boyle, Aug 8, 2016), public domain - https://www.voanews.com/a/3456758.html · Haze over Pasir Panjang, Singapore, Oct 9, 2026: photo by Choo Yut Shing (Flickr), public domain, cropped, via Wikimedia Commons · Firefly ATR 72-500 9M-FYD at Senai International Airport, Johor, Jan 30, 2025 (file photo): photo by S5A-0043, CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/..., resized, via Wikimedia Commons · Haze in Kuala Lumpur, Sep 18, 2026 (file photo): photo by Renek78, CC0, cropped, via Wikimedia Commons · Volunteer firefighters at a land fire in Sekabuk, Mempawah, West Kalimantan, Sep 27, 2026: photo by OttaEl, CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/..., cropped, via Wikimedia Commons · Stock video: Pexels contributors (free licenses; clip list on request) · Metaphor illustrations (dominoes, match, peat block, smouldering banknote, pantry, conference room) are AI-generated. Every image of a real place, event or year is real and credited on screen.
⚠️ For educational purposes only. Not financial or medical advice. For haze health advice, follow your national health authority (NEA/MOH in Singapore, KKM in Malaysia).
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