90% Neanderthal DNA in India? Science of Homo Sapiens Cousins | WhyFi

A groundbreaking study reveals that 90% Neanderthal DNA alive on Earth is in India. Who were Neanderthals? What is the truth of Homo Sapiens? | WhyFi Ep 2 In August 1856, in a limestone valley near Düsseldorf, workers hit something with their tools. Bones. Thick, heavy, strangely shaped bones. They assumed it was an old cave bear and threw them onto the rubble heap with the rest of the waste. Sixteen pieces were pulled back out in time. Nobody had a framework for what they were seeing. Darwin's On the Origin of Species was three years away. It took 150 years for that skull to finish its sentence. The last word of it was not spoken in Germany. It was spoken in India. WHAT IS WHY-FI? Why-Fi is KhabarGaon's Hindi science show. We pick up one question and follow it wherever it goes: into labs, into old papers, into the lives of the people who asked it first. Every episode has a "why" buried inside it, because science doesn't begin with answers. It begins with someone refusing to accept that this is just how things are. THE QUESTION THIS EPISODE IS CHASING: Why is there a line between Homo Sapiens and Neanderthals, and what happens to it once you can read the DNA of the dead? You'll meet Johann Carl Fuhlrott, the schoolteacher who said this is not a bear, this is a human, and was laughed at. Rudolf Virchow, the most powerful scientist in Germany, whose verdict of "a sick modern man" held the field back forty years. Marcellin Boule, who in 1908 turned one arthritic old man's skeleton into the stooping, knuckle-dragging brute that filled textbooks for a century, until two researchers re-checked those bones in 1957 and found the posture was a disease, not a species. Then the DNA arrives. Svante Pääbo, and the wild idea that dead genomes can be read. The sealed clean rooms, because the commonest contamination on an ancient bone is the DNA of whoever touched it. The 1997 mitochondrial result the world misread as "they left no trace in us", when all it said was that no Neanderthal mother's line survives. The 2010 draft nuclear genome, built with Richard E. Green, that reversed it: everyone outside Africa carries roughly one to two percent Neanderthal DNA. The 2022 Nobel Prize that followed. One child's finger bone from Denisova Cave in Siberia, revealing the Denisovans, a whole human species found from its DNA alone. The 2024 Science and Nature studies pinning the mixing to around 47,000 years ago, running some 7,000 years. And then India. In 2024 a team led by geneticist Priya Moorjani read about 2,700 genomes from across the subcontinent, the finest genetic picture of South Asia ever made. Stitch together the Neanderthal fragments scattered across Indian genomes and you recover close to half of the whole Neanderthal genome, and around 90 percent of the Neanderthal sequences known anywhere on earth turn up somewhere in South Asia. "Neanderthal" spent a century as an insult. It turns out to be sitting inside the people throwing it. Watch it, sit with it, and leave your own "why" in the comments. The next episode could be your question. CHAPTERS 00:00 The Bear That Never Was 04:04 The Century We Called Them Stupid 07:32 The Man Who Read The Dead 11:41 The Blast 16:48 When, Exactly When 19:27 The Inheritance, In Our Blood Produced and hosted by Ayush Yadav(@ayushkaari). Edited by Varun Rastogi. A KhabarGaon production. #WhyFi #Neanderthal #HumanEvolution #AncientDNA #ScienceInHindi #KhabarGaon Khabargaon is a modern-day digital platform that helps you travel through current affairs, explainers, ground reports, interviews and unique video shows. Stay tuned for more and more! Khabargaon holds the copyright to this video. Use by others is not allowed without written consent. For permission, email digital@khabargaon.com Website: https://khabargaon.com/ Subscribe to our channel and turn on notifications to get the latest:    / @khabargaon   Connect us on Facebook:   / khabargaon   Instagram:   / khabargaon   Twitter: https://x.com/khabar_gaon WhatsApp: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vatc...