65 English words from ONE root — *deuk- “to lead”: team, introduce, produce, reduce, tie, conduct…

Every English word grown from the root *deuk- (to lead), easiest first — each taken apart into the pieces that build its meaning, or traced straight back to the root. 0:00 *deuk- · lead — the family 0:30 team · teammate · teamwork 1:09 introduce · introduction 1:47 produce · production · producer · reproduce · reproduction 2:34 reduce · reduction · reductionism · reducible · irreducible 3:21 tie · untie · tier 4:00 conduct · conductor · misconduct · conductive · conductivity 4:48 educate · education · educational · educationally · educated · educator 5:42 dock · dockside · dockworker · burdock · dockyard 6:29 tug · toggle 7:03 deduce 7:35 induce · induction · inducement · inducer 8:19 taut · tautly · tautness 8:56 conduit 9:28 teem 10:00 seduce · seduction · seducer 10:41 duct · ductwork · ductal 11:19 tow · undertow · towboat · towline · towhead 12:05 deduct · deduction · deductible · deductive 12:50 abduct · abduction · abductor · abductee 13:36 one root, all its words Word history, for the curious The Proto-Indo-European root *deuk- “to lead”. Its English cousins came down the Germanic side, where the consonants shifted: • tug, wanton ← Old English tēon: *d → t (Grimm's law) • tow, taut ← Old English togian: *d → t (Grimm's law), *k → g (Verner's law) • team ← Old English tēam: *d → t (Grimm's law) • teem ← Old English tēman: *d → t (Grimm's law) Grimm's law: as the Germanic languages split off, p t k became f th h; b d g became p t k; and bh dh gh became b d g. Verner's law: after Grimm's law, an f th h or s became b d g r instead wherever the old word's stress did not fall on the syllable just before it. Roster: "Indo-European Roots", The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition, https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/ind... Douglas Harper, "*deuk-", Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/word/*deuk-. Etymology after the Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com). #team #introduce #produce #WordAnatomy #etymology #EnglishVocabulary #VocabularyBuilder #RootWords