Diabetes – Molecular Mechanisms

🧬 DIABETES: The Molecular Mechanisms Behind Blood Sugar Regulation What happens inside our cells when insulin stops working properly? In this video, we explore the molecular biology of diabetes to understand what is happening at the cellular and signalling level. We follow the journey from insulin binding to its receptor through the IRS–PI3K–Akt signalling pathway and explain how this ultimately influences GLUT4-mediated glucose uptake. We also look at how chronic hyperglycaemia can contribute to advanced glycation end products (AGEs), oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation, helping explain how diabetes can lead to long-term cellular and tissue damage. For Type 1 diabetes, we explore the role of immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells and the resulting loss of insulin production. We also consider how genetic susceptibility and environmental factors interact in diabetes. 🧠 The key message: Diabetes is not simply a problem of "too much sugar." It involves a complex network of hormones, receptors, signalling pathways, glucose transporters, metabolism, immune responses, genetics and cellular stress. If you enjoy understanding biology from the level of molecules → cells → tissues → whole organisms, subscribe to The Living Code – Biology for more science and biology videos. #Diabetes #MolecularBiology #Insulin #InsulinResistance #Type1Diabetes #Type2Diabetes #Glucose #CellBiology #Biochemistry #HumanBiology #GLUT4 #PI3KAkt Companion PDF link: https://mega.nz/file/zlY3TaJA#RgHsOUQ...