How the Internet Was Born: It Began With Two Letters

On October 29, 1969, a student at UCLA sent two letters to a computer at the Stanford Research Institute, and then the far computer crashed. This documentary tells how the internet was born, in order: the Pentagon office with three terminals, the packet idea on both sides of the Atlantic, the IMPs built in Cambridge, Ray Tomlinson's at sign, Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn's design sketched on an envelope, the SRI van and the beer garden, the switch of New Year's Day 1983, the National Science Foundation's backbone, Tim Berners-Lee's web at CERN, Mosaic in Illinois and Netscape, and the restored room 3420. More from the Science playlist:    • Science   Watch next: The History of Artificial Intelligence: From 1943 to Today    • The History of Artificial Intelligence: Fr...   Clear narration over photographs and film from open archives. The whole story, told in order from start to finish. Chapters 00:00 Two Letters 01:02 Boelter Hall 02:39 Three Terminals 03:45 Messages in Pieces 05:31 The Builders 06:42 The At Sign 08:00 Networks of Networks 10:20 The Van 11:29 Flag Day 13:35 Supercomputers 15:25 A Web of Pages 16:33 Mosaic 17:44 Into the Home 19:34 Room 3420 Film from Wikimedia Commons, in order of appearance: "Teleprinter: typing" by Konrad Gutkowski (CC BY 3.0); "San Francisco vue aerienne (2)" by Pierre André Leclercq (CC BY-SA 4.0); "Drone video of Matthaei Botanical Gardens, Ann Arbor, MI - March 2022" by Chris Cafiero (CC BY 3.0). Pictures from Wikimedia Commons, in order of appearance: "Interface Message Processor Front Panel" by FastLizard4 (CC BY-SA 3.0); "Teletype Model 33 ASR Carriage (1968) (14560514420)" by Dennis van Zuijlekom (CC BY-SA 2.0); "SRI International HQ" by Coolcaesar (CC BY-SA 3.0); "The IMP Log The Very First Message Sent on the Internet (6293913865)" by Andrew "FastLizard4" Adams (CC BY-SA 2.0); "IMP foreground, SAGE background (4376973356)" by Marcin Wichary (CC BY 2.0); "Sputnik 1 at the National Air and Space Museum, Dec 2017" by Mys 721tx (CC BY-SA 3.0); "Bob Taylor in 2008" by Gardner Campbell (CC BY-SA 2.0); "Randcorporationsantamonica" by Coolcaesar (CC BY-SA 4.0); "South front of Bushy House, Teddington" by AndyScott (CC BY-SA 4.0); "BBN IMP connected computers to Arpanet (7995221220)" by Don DeBold (CC BY 2.0); "SteveCrockerJI1" by Joi Ito (CC BY 2.0); "Jon Postel sitting in office" by Carl Malamud (CC BY 2.0); "DEC PDP-10 (DECsystem 10) mainframe computer system at Living…" by Joe Mabel (CC BY-SA 3.0); "Aerial view of Moffett Field's Hangar One (2012)" by Nelson Minar (CC BY-SA 2.0); "Robert E. Kahn 1973-07" by ITU Pictures (CC BY 2.0); "Vinton Cerf in Lisbon-20070325" by Joi Ito (CC BY 2.0); "Louis Pouzin (26191247583)" by ITU Pictures (CC BY 2.0); "Xerox Alto I (1973) CPU with monitor, mouse, keyboard and 5-key…" by Carlo Nardone (CC BY-SA 2.0); "University College London, by William Wilkins" by stevecadman (CC BY-SA 2.0); "Casa de Tableta, Portola Valley, California" by W Nowicki (CC BY 3.0); "Goonhilly satellite dish" by Chase me ladies, I'm the Cavalry (CC BY-SA 4.0); "LCM - DEC VAX 11-780-5 - 01" by Joe Mabel (CC BY-SA 3.0); "Paul Mockapetris" by Jordiipa (CC BY-SA 3.0); "Symbolics 3620 (1)" by leighklotz (CC BY 2.0); "Larry Smarr" by Joi (CC BY 2.0); "Cray-2 IMG 9142" by Rama (CC BY-SA 3.0 fr); "Aerial view of Ann Arbor, Michigan (2018)" by SounderBruce (CC BY-SA 4.0); "Michigan Union at Night, University of Michigan Campus, Ann Arbor,…" by Dwight Burdette (CC BY 3.0); "TimBernersLee-2009" by Вени Марковски (CC BY 3.0); "NeXTcube first webserver" by Geni (CC BY-SA 4.0); "Marc Andreessen (1)" by Joi (CC BY 2.0); "Marc Andreessen and Alexander Marten in Palo Alto talking about the…" by Galil3o (CC BY-SA 4.0); "Aerial view of Silicon Valley" by Patrick Nouhailler (CC BY-SA 2.0); "Tim Berners-Lee 2023" by Dr. Frank Gaeth (CC BY-SA 4.0); "The SDS Sigma-7 The First Computer to be Connected to the Internet…" by Andrew "FastLizard4" Adams (CC BY-SA 2.0). License texts: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0, creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0, creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0, creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/fr. #Internet #Science #Documentary