Europa Has More Water Than Earth

Under the ice of Jupiter's moon Europa there is an ocean that may hold more than twice as much water as all of Earth's oceans combined. We start with the real sky over La Palma before dawn, with Jupiter and its four big moons where they really are, then go down through Europa's cracked ice shell: how the Galileo spacecraft found the ocean through Jupiter's magnetic field, why tides from Jupiter keep the water liquid, the water vapor seen by Hubble and the Keck Observatory, and the path of NASA's Europa Clipper, which reaches Jupiter in April 2030. Sources: NASA Europa facts, NASA Europa Clipper (mission FAQ, Europa Up Close, mission timeline), JPL (Juno measures Europa's ice shell; Europa Clipper's Mars flyby; quick facts), NASA (Europa Clipper liftoff, 2024), NASA Hubble (water vapor, 2013; table salt, 2019), NASA (water vapor confirmed with the Keck Observatory, 2019), JPL Horizons (Jupiter and its moons, Galileo and Europa Clipper trajectories). Milky Way panorama: ESO/S. Brunier (CC BY 4.0). Earth: NASA Blue Marble. Moon: NASA Scientific Visualization Studio. #europa #space #astronomy