T-Tests in SPSS | One-Sample, Independent & Paired t-Test | Step-by-Step with Real Data

In this beginner-friendly tutorial, I demonstrate: • One-Sample t-Test: Is the mean writing score different from 50? • Independent-Samples t-Test: Do male and female students have different mean writing scores? • Paired-Samples t-Test: Is the writing score different from the reading score for the same students? • SPSS step-by-step procedure • Levene's test and which row to use • Understanding t, df, p-value, mean difference and 95% CI • Graphs and interpretation • How to write the final statistical conclusion The tutorial uses the public High School and Beyond (HSB2) teaching dataset with 200 students. For further assistance contact me at fayyazm3@gmail.com