Every Size of Black Hole Explained in 20 Minutes

Every size of black hole, drawn to scale: from the marble the Earth would become, through the nearest real one (59 km wide), to TON 618, whose shadow light needs a month to cross. 0:00 The Earth as a marble-sized black hole 0:39 What a black hole is 3:13 The Moon, Earth, Jupiter and the Sun as black holes 3:57 Primordial black holes (maybe) 4:29 Stellar-mass black holes 6:26 The missing middle 7:07 Supermassive black holes, smallest to largest 12:29 What falling in would be like 14:12 The giants in place of the Sun 15:17 Why the biggest are the least dense 16:14 The records 17:04 How we know 18:04 Should you worry? 18:25 What nobody knows 19:11 The whole ladder Sources Masses and descriptions: NASA Science black hole pages (science.nasa.gov/universe/black-holes); NASA, "NASA Animation Sizes Up the Universe's Biggest Black Holes" (2023) and its Scientific Visualization Studio transcript (svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14335); NASA, "New NASA Black Hole Visualization Takes Viewers Beyond the Brink" (2024). Gaia BH1: ESA Gaia. First gravitational-wave detection: LIGO. Sizes are calculated from each mass with the Schwarzschild radius (r = 2GM/c2); a black hole's shadow is taken as about twice its event horizon, as NASA describes it. Planet sizes and distances: NASA Planetary Fact Sheet. Average densities are the mass divided by the volume inside the event horizon. The jet comparison assumes 900 km/h. This channel is not affiliated with or endorsed by NASA, ESA or LIGO.