Bones of the Neurocranium in 3D | Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal, Sphenoid & Ethmoid

The eight bones of the braincase on a real 3D model, one by one: their shape, main landmarks, which bones each one articulates with, and their clinical relevance. We start by dividing the neurocranium into the vault (calvaria) and the base, then go through the frontal bone —a pneumatic bone with the frontal sinuses—, the parietals with their borders, angles and the pterion, the occipital with the foramen magnum, the condyles (and how we nod on the atlas) and the clivus, the temporal with its petrous part, the sphenoid with the sella turcica and its wings, and the ethmoid with the cribriform plate. Clinical notes are shown on the model with real Z-Anatomy structures: a frontal fracture reaching the orbital roof, the middle meningeal artery and the epidural hematoma, tonsillar herniation through the foramen magnum (and the Arnold-Chiari malformation), a petrous fracture with Battle's sign, a pituitary tumor compressing the optic chiasm (bitemporal hemianopia) and a cribriform plate fracture with anosmia and CSF rhinorrhea. We finish by removing the vault to see the three cranial fossae from above, and with the coronal, sagittal and lambdoid sutures and the fontanelles. Chapters 0:00 Title 0:07 The neurocranium: vault and base 0:30 The eight bones 0:43 Frontal 1:40 Parietal 2:50 Occipital 3:54 Temporal 5:03 Sphenoid 6:16 Ethmoid 7:21 The cranial base: fossae, sutures and fontanelles 8:20 Summary Author: Leónides Castellanos Hernández, MD 3D models: Open3DModel · AnatomyTOOL.org (CC BY-SA 4.0); brain, cranial nerves and arteries: Z-Anatomy (CC BY-SA 4.0). Narration: neural synthetic voice. #anatomy #osteology #skull #neurocranium #sphenoid #ethmoid #temporalbone #3danatomy #medicine #neurosurgery