Why Your Password Is Safe, and Nobody Can Prove It!

Checking a solved Sudoku takes seconds. Solving one can take a lifetime. That gap, between finding an answer and checking it, is one of the deepest unsolved problems in all of science, and there's a million dollars for whoever settles it. In this episode we unpack P vs NP: what the gap is, why problems like the traveling salesman explode past the age of the universe, how thousands of famous problems are secretly the same problem in disguise, and why your password's safety rests on a question no one has ever proven.