What If You Dived Into a Dinosaur-Era Ocean? | Robert's Adventures #02 | 4K

Professor Robert returns for his second adventure, traveling to an ocean from the age of dinosaurs—about 84 million years ago. In the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, giant fish, sharks, and marine reptiles shared a world whose food web can still be investigated through fossils. But what did these predators actually eat? And what made such an extraordinary ecosystem possible? CHAPTERS 0:00 A fish inside a fish 0:33 Professor Robert and the time observatory 0:53 Entering the Western Interior Seaway 1:38 Xiphactinus and its prey 2:16 Cretoxyrhina, the giant shark 3:04 The marine reptile giants 3:51 Can fossils name a ruler? 5:00 The smallest meals in the chalk 6:19 Returning to the present SCIENCE SOURCES Hattin (1982), KGS Bull. 225. Shimada (1997), J. Paleontol. 71:926–933. Shimada & Everhart (2004), Mosasaur 7:35–39. Everhart (2004), Mosasaur 7:41–46. Rothschild et al. (2005), NJ Geosci. 84:335–340. Everhart & Ewell (2006), Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 109:27–35. Hone et al. (2018), PeerJ 6:e6031, https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6031 PHOTO AND FOOTAGE CREDITS CC BY 2.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | CC BY 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | CC BY-SA 3.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... | CC0: https://creativecommons.org/publicdom... Photos cropped/reframed/zoomed; labels added. C15 panel-b shown as adapted crop then full figure. James St. John (CC BY 2.0): Xiphactinus/Gillicus fossil photos 3, 5, 6 (https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=... https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=... https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=... chalk badlands photos 14, 27, Castle Rock 43, chalk layers 60, Monument Rocks chalk 117, prairie wide (https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=... https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=... https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=... https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=... https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=... https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=.... Neil Pezzoni (CC BY 4.0): Cretoxyrhina KUVP 247, FHSM VP-2187; Dolichorhynchops skull (https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=... https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=... https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=.... Neil G. Pezzoni, Xiphactinus Fish Within A Fish (https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=.... Hone, Witton & Habib, Pteranodon with Cretoxyrhina tooth (CC BY 4.0; crop; figure credit David Hone): https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=.... Belcher et al., Morphology of copepod faecal pellets (CC BY-SA 3.0; panel-b adapted crop then full figure): https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=.... Lion Pods Live Copepods, Live Copepods under Microscope (CC BY 4.0): https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=.... Eden, Janine and Jim, Tylosaurus skull in the Smithsonian (CC BY 2.0): https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=.... Wistar92, Monument Rocks (CC0): https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=.... NancePomerene, Calcidiscus leptoporus SEM (CC0): https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=.... Smithsonian, NMNH-USNM11934 (CC0): https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=.... NASA Earth Observatory, Bloom Time in the Barents Sea (public domain): https://commons.wikimedia.org/?curid=.... Smithsonian Institution Archives, RU 95, Box 44, Folder 13, image SIA_000095_B44_F13_009 (1963), public domain/CC0; crop/reframe: https://www.si.edu/object/hall-of-din... Donald E. Hattin (1982), KGS Bulletin 225, Figs. 32–34. Figs. 32/34 cropped; Fig. 33 pellet circled, P/O retained. https://www.kgs.ku.edu/Publications/B.... Source of this material is the Kansas Geological Survey website at http://www.kgs.ku.edu/. All Rights Reserved. Terms: https://www.kgs.ku.edu/General/copyri... David Hone (image credit), Hone, Witton & Habib (2018), PeerJ 6:e6031, Fig. 2; crop, original labels retained. CC BY 4.0. https://peerj.com/articles/6031/ Scotese & Wright (2018), PALEOMAP PaleoDEMs, Map 20; rendered, rotated, labeled. CC BY 4.0. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460860 MUSIC AND SOUND Ethereal — Amarent, CC BY 4.0: https://freemusicarchive.org/music/am... (volume automation). Sub Drop Smooth.wav — newagesoup; Electric Panel Power Switch Off SFX — MamickaBeeGames; Riser.wav — AlexDSR. CC0 1.0: https://creativecommons.org/publicdom.... https://freesound.org/people/newageso... https://freesound.org/people/MamickaB... https://freesound.org/people/AlexDSR/... AI DISCLOSURE Professor Robert and the time machine are fictional. Ancient marine life and some prehistoric underwater scenes are AI-generated/AI-altered reconstructions, not authentic footage. Fossil evidence and interpretations are distinguished from fiction. Marine reptiles are not dinosaurs; different fossils are not one documented encounter. #prehistoricocean