Radio Isotopes and their Uses class 10 | 10th class physics ch 18 radio isotops and their uses sabaq

Radio Isotopes and their Uses class 10 | 10th class physics ch 18 radio isotops and their uses sabaq related searches 1. Radio Isotopes and their uses 2. Radio Isotopes and their uses in hindi 3. Radio Isotopes and their uses in urdu 4. Radio Isotopes and their uses sabaq 5. Radio Isotopes and their uses khan 6. Radio Isotopes and their uses class 10 7. Radio Isotopes and their uses 10 class 8. Radio Isotopes and their uses 10th class physics 9. Radio Isotopes and their uses 10th physics 10. 10th class physics ch 18 Radio Isotopes and their uses 11. Radio Isotopes and their uses class 12, 12. Radio Isotopes and their uses academy 13. Radio Isotopes and their uses foundation 14. Radio Isotopes and their uses matric part 2 15. Radio Isotopes class 10 16. Uses of radio Isotopes class 10 18.6 RADIOISOTOPES AND THEIR USES Nuclei which do not emit radiations naturally are called stable nuclei. In general, most of the nuclei with atomic number . . . . . . . . . 1 to 82 are stable nuclei. While the elements whose atomic number is greater than 82 are naturally unstable. They emit different types of radiations, all the time, and hence continuously change from one type of element to another. The stable and non-radioactive elements can also be changed into radioactive elements by bombarding them with protons, neutrons or alpha particles. Such artificially produced radioactive elements are called radioactive isotopes or radioisotopes. Here are some examples of the production of radioisotopes: 1. + gamma ( )-rays  neutron stable a sodium sodium radioisotope nuclide 2. alpha stable a phos- particle aluminium phorous nuclide radioisotope 182 ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS Not For Sale – PESRP count-rate per min. T½ 2T½ 3T½ Time/min. 1 23 24 0 n + 11Na 11 Na 4 27 30 1 2 He + 13Al P + n Uses of Radioisotopes Radioisotopes are frequently used in medicine, industry and agriculture for variety of useful purposes. Following are few applications of radioisotopes in different fields. 1. Tracers Radioactive tracers are chemical compounds containing some quantity of radioisotope. They can be used to explore the metabolism of chemical reactions inside the human body, animals or plants. Radioisotopes are used as tracers in medicine, industry and agriculture. For example, radio iodine- 131 readily accumulates in the thyroid gland and can be used for the monitoring of thyroid functioning. For the diagnosis of brain tumor phosphorous-32 is used. The malignant part of the body absorbs more quantity of isotopes, and this helps in tracing the affected part of the body. In industry tracers can be used to locate the wear and tear of the moving parts of the machinery. They can be used for the location of leaks in underground pipes. By introducing a suitable radioactive tracer into the pipe, the leak can be conveniently traced from higher activity in the region of crack in the pipe. In agriculture, radio phosphorous-32 is used as a tracer to find out how well the plants are absorbing the phosphate fertilizer which are crucial to their growth (Fig.18.9). 2. Medical Treatment Radioisotopes are also used in nuclear medicines for curing various diseases. For example, radioactive cobalt-60 is used for curing cancerous tumors and cells. The radiations kill the cells of the malignant tumor in the patient. 3. Carbon Dating Radioactive carbon-14 is present in small amount in the atmosphere. Live plants use carbon dioxide and therefore become slightly radioactive (Fig. 18.10). 1 When a tree dies, the radio carbon-14 present inside the plant starts decaying. Since the half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years, the age of a dead tree can be calculated by comparing the activity of carbon-14 in the live and dead tree. The activity of the live tree remains almost constant as the carbon-14 is being replenished while the carbon-14 in the dead tree is no more replenished. Therefore, by measuring the activity in the ancient relic, scientists can estimate its age. Other radioisotopes are also used to estimate the age of geological specimens. For example, some rocks contain the unstable potassium isotope K-40. This decays to the stable 8 argon nuclide Ar-40 with half-life of 2.4 × 10 years. The age of rock sample can be estimated by comparing the concentrations of K-40 and Ar-40. Example 18.4: The C-14: C-12 ratio in a fossil bone is #sabaq #10thclassphysics #freeonlinesclasses