De Novo Fatty Acid Synthesis | Simple Trick | Made Easy

De novo synthesis of fatty acids is called the toughest pathway in biochemistry, but one simple trick with Cysteine-SH and ACP-SH makes every reaction easy to remember for your university exam. Learning Outcome By the end of this video you will be able to explain the site, raw materials, citrate shuttle, NADPH sources and the complete fatty acid synthase cycle leading to palmitate, and draw the intermediates with confidence. Download PDF Note https://drive.google.com/file/d/1THpq... Playlist Navigation Complete Biochemistry Playlist:    • Lipid Metabolism | Fat Metabolism   Previous:    • Ketosis & Ketoacidosis Made Easy | The Rot...   Next: [LINK] Timestamp 00:00 Introduction 00:45 Location of Fatty Acid Synthesis 01:50 Citrate Shuttle 05:28 Sources of NADPH 06:41 Pathway of Fatty acid synthesis 21:24 Mammary Gland Differences This video explains the de novo synthesis of fatty acids step by step, using one simple trick to make this so-called toughest pathway easy. It begins with why the pathway is called de novo, and where it occurs: highest in the liver, followed by the lactating mammary gland and then adipose tissue, with the brain, kidney and lung also contributing, and inside the cell in the cytosol. The raw materials, acetyl-CoA and NADPH, are then discussed. You will learn how acetyl-CoA leaves the mitochondria as citrate (high energy state, TCA cycle inhibition, citrate transporter), how ATP citrate lyase regenerates acetyl-CoA in the cytosol, and how malate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme generate NADPH. The three sources of NADPH are covered: malic enzyme, the HMP shunt (the main source, more than 50 percent) and cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase. The pathway proper starts with acetyl-CoA carboxylase, the biotin-dependent, rate-limiting and committed step that forms malonyl-CoA. The fatty acid synthase complex is then explained using the Cysteine-SH (simple acyl) and ACP-SH (non-simple acyl) trick, covering transacylation, condensation by 3-keto acyl synthase, reduction by 3-keto acyl reductase, dehydration by dehydratase, and reduction by enoyl reductase. The video shows how seven cycles give a 16-carbon chain, how thioesterase releases palmitate, and how the mammary gland produces medium chain and odd-chain fatty acids found in milk. Study Resources Mentioned • Key diagrams (untimed, listed by topic): citrate shuttle between mitochondria and cytosol; formation of malonyl-CoA; fatty acid synthase complex with Cysteine-SH and ACP-SH; structures of 3-keto acyl, 3-hydroxy acyl and 2,3-enoyl intermediates; carbon count across seven cycles • Memory techniques used: A-B-C of carboxylation (ATP, biotin, carboxylation); Cysteine-SH as the loyal lover of simple acyl chains and ACP-SH as the manipulative lover of non-simple acyl chains • Related topics to review: fatty acid synthase complex in detail (separate video mentioned); HMP shunt; TCA cycle regulation (carbohydrate metabolism video) Disclaimer This video is for educational purposes only. Always refer to your official curriculum and faculty for final exam preparation. The content of this video is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider. No video can supersede the opinion of an experienced and licensed healthcare provider. #FattyAcidSynthesis #DeNovoSynthesis #Lipogenesis #Palmitate #MBBSBiochemistry #FirstYearMBBS #Biochemistry