3000 Years of Egypt: From Hatshepsut to Cleopatra | Full Hindi Documentary

Around 2200 BCE, the Old Kingdom weakened and the First Intermediate Period began. Old texts call them evil, but remember - history can't be understood only through winners or their enemies. In this era, the horse-drawn chariot and new warfare tactics arrived in Egypt. The rulers of Thebes in the south didn't watch silently. Around 1550 BCE, Ahmose I expelled the Hyksos and reunified Egypt. This is where Egypt's most glorious era begins: The New Kingdom. Now Egypt was not just defending itself, it became a great empire. In this video we cover 3 names you must remember: Hatshepsut - A woman who became Pharaoh. She focused more on trade than war and sent a famous expedition to the distant land of Punt. Later, many of her images and names were defaced. Thutmose III - A brilliant military commander who won the Battle of Megiddo and extended Egypt's border to Syria. Akhenaten - The pharaoh who suddenly abandoned many old gods and forced worship of only "Aten" - the sun disk. A revolutionary step, erased after his death. Tutankhamun - His reign wasn't special. He became Pharaoh as a child and died young. But in 1922, Howard Carter found his tomb almost completely intact. That's why he is the most famous pharaoh today. And think - if a minor pharaoh's tomb had this much treasure, how much must have been in the tombs of the great pharaohs that were looted? Ramesses II - Ruled for about 66 years. Famous for the Battle of Kadesh against the Hittites, and the peace treaty that followed - counted as the world's oldest surviving peace treaty. He also built the colossal temples of Abu Simbel. Around 1200 BCE, many kingdoms around the Eastern Mediterranean collapsed. In the time of Ramesses III, Egypt stopped the "Sea Peoples" invasions, but at a huge cost. Treasury emptied, disorder grew, Egypt weakened. In later centuries Egypt was ruled by many powers: Libya, Kush (Nubia), Assyria and Persia. Then in 332 BCE Alexander the Great came to Egypt, and after his death his general Ptolemy became king. The Ptolemaic dynasty ruled for almost 300 years, and their capital Alexandria became a center of knowledge. The last ruler of this line was Cleopatra VII. She is considered the first Ptolemaic ruler to learn the Egyptian language. She allied with Julius Caesar and then Mark Antony to keep Egypt independent. But in 31 BCE at the Battle of Actium, Antony and Cleopatra were defeated by Octavian (later Emperor Augustus). Next year, in 30 BCE, Cleopatra died, and Egypt became a province of the Roman Empire. And one last twist. Egypt's old writing, hieroglyphs, could not be read for centuries. Then with the Rosetta Stone and Champollion's hard work, the secret was unlocked in 1822. The pyramids were silent, but now we can understand the language on their walls. So Egypt's story is not just about pyramids and gold. It's the story of a river that nurtured an entire civilization. It's the story of how humans want to be remembered even after death. And it's the story that no matter how great an era is, it doesn't last forever. Now you tell me: Who was the most interesting pharaoh - Hatshepsut, Ramesses II, or Tutankhamun? Write in the comments! If you liked the video, please like, subscribe, and stay tuned for the next historical story. #AncientEgypt #EgyptHistory #Pharaoh #Hatshepsut #RamessesII #Tutankhamun #Cleopatra #HowardCarter #AbuSimbel #RosettaStone