Alzheimers disease || mbbs || Basic of alzheimrs disease

🧠 Basics of Alzheimer’s Disease | Dementia Definition | Cortical vs Subcortical Dementia | NEET PG / INI-CET Welcome to Preet Medical School! 🩺 In this lecture, we will cover the fundamentals of Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, major neurocognitive disorder, and the important differences between cortical and subcortical dementia. We will also learn easy mnemonics to remember the examples for NEET PG, INI-CET, FMGE, and MBBS examinations. 📚 Topics Covered ✅ 1. Definition of Alzheimer’s Disease What is Alzheimer’s disease? Progressive neurodegenerative disease Memory impairment and cognitive decline Amyloid-beta and tau protein: introduction ✅ 2. Definition of Dementia What is dementia? Difference between dementia and normal ageing Cognitive decline and impairment in daily functioning Dementia versus delirium ✅ 3. Major Neurocognitive Disorder DSM-5 concept of major neurocognitive disorder Significant cognitive decline from a previous level of performance Interference with independence in everyday activities Difference between major and mild neurocognitive disorder Mnemonic for the 6 major cognitive domains — “A-Ex-Lan-Mo-So-Pe” A — Attention (complex attention) Ex — Executive function Lan — Language Mo — Learning and memory So — Social cognition Pe — Perceptual-motor function These are the six cognitive domains described in DSM-5. Remember that a mnemonic helps with recall; clinical assessment must evaluate the actual pattern of impairment. ✅ 4. Cortical vs Subcortical Dementia Cortical dementia — mnemonic: “A-L-A” A — Aphasia L — Learning and memory impairment A — Apraxia and agnosia Examples: Alzheimer’s disease Frontotemporal dementia Corticobasal degeneration can produce cortical signs Subcortical dementia — mnemonic: “M-P-B” M — Motor slowing and bradykinesia P — Psychomotor slowing B — Behavioural and mood changes, including apathy or depression Examples: Huntington’s disease Parkinson’s disease dementia Subcortical vascular cognitive impairment HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder Important exam point: These are useful teaching patterns, not absolute rules. Cortical and subcortical features can overlap, and Alzheimer’s disease may also affect executive function and other cognitive domains. ✅ 5. Clinical Features of Alzheimer’s Disease Progressive episodic memory impairment Difficulty learning new information Disorientation and word-finding difficulty Impairment of daily activities as disease progresses Behavioural and psychological symptoms in some patients ✅ 6. Basic Pathophysiology Amyloid-beta plaques Hyperphosphorylated tau and neurofibrillary tangles Synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss Hippocampal and medial temporal lobe involvement ✅ 7. High-Yield Clinical Questions Differentiate cortical and subcortical dementia Identify the six cognitive domains Differentiate dementia from delirium Recognize early Alzheimer’s disease Apply definitions in NEET PG / INI-CET clinical vignettes 🎯 Who Should Watch? MBBS students NEET PG aspirants INI-CET aspirants FMGE candidates Medical interns Students revising neurology, psychiatry, and cognitive disorders 👍 Like the video if it helps your preparation. 💬 Comment your answers to the clinical questions. 🔔 Subscribe to Preet Medical School for high-yield medical concepts, clinical MCQs, mnemonics, and exam-oriented discussions. Learn the basics. Build clinical concepts. Prepare together! #AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #NEETPG #INICET #Neurology #MedicalEducation #PreetMedicalSchool Alzheimer's disease, basics of Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer disease definition, dementia definition, dementia explained, major neurocognitive disorder, DSM 5 neurocognitive disorder, six cognitive domains, cognitive domains mnemonic, cortical dementia, subcortical dementia, cortical vs subcortical dementia, cortical dementia examples, subcortical dementia examples, dementia mnemonic, Alzheimer disease clinical features, Alzheimer disease pathophysiology, amyloid beta, tau protein, neurofibrillary tangles, hippocampal atrophy, memory impairment, cognitive impairment, dementia vs delirium, mild neurocognitive disorder, major neurocognitive disorder DSM 5, frontotemporal dementia, Huntington disease, Parkinson disease dementia, vascular dementia, HIV associated neurocognitive disorder, corticobasal degeneration, NEET PG neurology, INI CET neurology, NEET PG 2027, INI CET 2027, FMGE preparation, MBBS neurology, clinical neurology, neurology mnemonics, dementia MCQs, clinical questions neurology, medical education India, Preet Medical School