Arterial Hypertension: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Evidence-Based Management (ESC Guidelines)

Arterial hypertension represents one of the most critical modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease worldwide. This scientific medical video provides a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology, diagnostic evaluation, and guideline-recommended management of high blood pressure. Key Content Overview: • Definition & Classification: Diagnostic threshold of ≥ 140/90 mmHg based on European ESC guidelines and clinical blood pressure categories. • Pathophysiology & Etiology: Distinction between primary (essential) and secondary hypertension, focusing on vascular resistance, renal fluid regulation, and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). • Risk Factors & Complications: Key risk drivers including dietary sodium intake, age, and obesity, alongside long-term impacts on the cardiovascular, renal, and zerebrovascular systems. • Diagnostic Standards: Standardized measurement protocols, clinical value of home and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), and diagnostic testing using ECG, echocardiography, and laboratory workups. • Therapeutic Interventions: Evidence-based lifestyle modifications including daily sodium restriction below 5 grams, combined with antihypertensive pharmacotherapy using ACE inhibitors, ARBs, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics to attain the recommended target range of 120–129 mmHg. • Hypertensive Emergencies: Identification of acute target organ damage and red-flag symptoms requiring immediate emergency care. Medical Disclaimer: This video is intended solely for educational and informative purposes and does not substitute individual professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. #ArterialHypertension #HighBloodPressure #Cardiology #InternalMedicine #ESCGuidelines #MedicalEducation #Pathophysiology #Hypertension #CardiovascularHealth #MedicalVideo