10. Cell Signaling Part I

This series, based on my book “Landmark Experiments in Protein Science”, explores the history of cell biology by discussing the experiments that elucidated what we know about cell biology. In this video, which is part I on cell signaling, I talk about the discovery of the importance of protein phosphorylation and the mechanism by which the first kinase discovered, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is activated. For more information on this topic, please pick up my book on amazon https://www.amazon.ca/Landmark-Experi... References Antonio Blanco, Gustavo Blanco, Chapter 19 - Integration and Regulation of Metabolism, Medical Biochemistry, Academic Press, 2017, Pages 425-445, ISBN 9780128035504. Cori, G. T. & Green, A. A. Crystalline muscle phosphorylase: II. Prosthetic group. J. Biol. Chem. 151, 31–38 (1943). Cori, G. T. & Cori, C. F. The enzymatic conversion of phosphorylase a to b. J. Biol. Chem. 158, 321–332 (1945). Fischer, E. H. & Krebs, E. G. Conversion of phosphorylase b to phosphorylase a in muscle extracts. J. Biol. Chem. 216, 121–32 (1955). Rall, T. W., Sutherland, E. W. & Wosilait, W. D. The relationship of epinephrine and glucagon to liver phosphorylase. III. Reactivation of liver phosphorylase in slices and in extracts. J. Biol. Chem. 218, 483–95 (1956). SUTHERLAND, E., WOSILAIT, W. Inactivation and Activation of Liver Phosphorylase. Nature 175, 169–170 (1955). Krebs, E. G., Graves, D. J. & Fischer, E. H. Factors affecting the activity of muscle phosphorylase b kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 234, 2867–73 (1959). Krebs, E. Historical perspectives on protein phosphorylation and a classification system for protein kinases. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 302, 3–11 (1983). Zhang H, Liu Y, Liu J, Chen J, Wang J, Hua H, Jiang Y. cAMP-PKA/EPAC signaling and cancer: the interplay in tumor microenvironment. J Hematol Oncol. 2024 Jan 17;17(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s13045-024-01524-x. PMID: 38233872 Ehrlich, P. Paul Ehrlich - Nobel lecture: Partial cell functions. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB (1908). Available at: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/med.... (Accessed: 31st March 2019) Ehrlich, P. Croonian lecture.—On immunity with special reference to cell life. Proc. R. Soc. London 66, 424–448 (1900). Langley, J. On the reaction of cells and of nerve-endings to certain poisons, chiefly as regards the reaction of striated muscle to nicotine and to curari. J. Physiol. 33, 374 (1905). Sutherland, E. W., Rall, T. W. & Menon, T. Adenyl cyclase: I. Distribution, preparation, and properties. J. Biol. Chem. 237, 1220–1227 (1962). RALL TW, SUTHERLAND EW. Adenyl cyclase. II. The enzymatically catalyzed formation of adenosine 3',5'-phosphate and inorganic pyrophosphate from adenosine triphosphate. J Biol Chem. 1962 Butcher, R. W. & Sutherland, E. W. Adenosine 3’,5’-phosphate in biological materials. I. Purification and properties of cyclic 3’,5’-nucleotide phosphodiesterase and use of this enzyme to characterize adenosine 3’,5’-phosphate in human urine. J. Biol. Chem. 237, 1244–50 (1962). Sutherland, E. W. & Robison, G. A. The role of cyclic-3’,5’-AMP in responses to catecholamines and other hormones. Pharmacol. Rev. 18, 145–61 (1966). Robison, G. A., Butcher, R. W. & Sutherland, E. W. Adenyl cyclase as an adrenergic receptor. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 139, 703–23 (1967). Sutherland, E. W., Robison, G. A. & Butcher, R. W. Some aspects of the biological role of adenosine 3’,5’-monophosphate (cyclic AMP). Circulation 37, 279–306 (1968). Gill, G. N. & Garren, L. D. On the mechanism of action of adrenocorticotropic hormone: The binding of cyclic-3’,5’-adenosine monophosphate to an adrenal cortical protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 63, 512–9 (1969). Gill, G. N. & Garren, L. D. A cyclic-3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate dependent protein kinase from the adrenal cortex: Comparison with a cyclic AMP binding protein. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 39, 335–343 (1970). Tao, M., Salas, M. L. & Lipmann, F. Mechanism of activation by adenosine 3’: 5’-cyclic monophosphate of a protein phosphokinase from rabbit reticulocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 67, 408–14 (1970). Brostrom, C. O., Corbin, J. D., King, C. A. & Krebs, E. G. Interaction of the subunits of adenosine 3’: 5’-cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase of muscle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 68, 2444–7 (1971). Corbin, J. D. et al. Studies on the properties and mode of action of the purified regulatory subunit of bovine heart adenosine 3’:5’-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 253, 3997–4003 (1978).