Azathioprine Explained: Uses, Side Effects & Monitoring

What is azathioprine, how does it work, and when is it used in kidney disease? This video explains azathioprine in a patient-friendly way, using ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) as an example. 💊 What Is Azathioprine? Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive medication that reduces immune system activity. It is converted to active metabolites that interfere with purine synthesis, which limits the growth and activity of certain immune cells. 🩺 Example: ANCA-Associated Vasculitis In AAV, treatment often has two phases: Induction: Treatment to control active, organ-threatening disease, commonly with rituximab or cyclophosphamide plus glucocorticoids. Maintenance: Treatment to help prevent relapse after remission is achieved. Azathioprine can be used as a maintenance immunosuppressant in selected patients after induction therapy. ⚠️ Important Side Effects Low blood counts Liver injury Nausea and gastrointestinal symptoms Increased risk of infections Increased risk of certain cancers with long-term immunosuppression Rare pancreatitis 🧪 Monitoring Patients typically need regular CBC and liver tests. TPMT testing may be considered before treatment because genetic differences can increase the risk of severe toxicity. Azathioprine also has important drug interactions, including with allopurinol and febuxostat, so your healthcare team should review all medications before starting it. The choice of maintenance treatment depends on the type of vasculitis, disease severity, relapse risk, kidney function, other medical conditions, and medication tolerance. ⚠️ Medical Disclaimer: This video is for educational purposes only and does not replace individualized medical advice. Never start, stop, or change immunosuppressive medication without discussing it with your healthcare professional. #Azathioprine #ANCAvasculitis #Vasculitis #KidneyDisease #Glomerulonephritis #Immunosuppression #Nephrology #KidneyHealth #KidneyClarity